City-States in Lower Mesopotamia :: Ancient Egypt Egyptian History

City-states in subvert MesopotamiaFactors that contri anded to the emergence of city-states in Lower Mesopotamia and the influence the landscape played in the formation of the elaboration which emerged.For this essay I considered the question of what factors contributed to the emergence of city-states in Lower Mesopotamia and the influence the landscape played in the formation of the civilization which emerged. Through my research on this topic I found that on that point is much evidence to support the claim that landscape was a actually large influence on the emergence of civilization and that most of the lend factors were, in some way, linked to geography.In order to fully run across the topic, I first explored what the definition of civilization is. The first criterion for civilization, that I could think of, is domestication and an agricultural economy capable of producing a stored surplus. From this, I felt the need to examine the origins of Mesopotamian agriculture. With t he glacial retreat after the at last ice-age (roughly 10000 BC) the Mesopotamian climate improved and many modern plants and animals began to become laborious in specific areas. Around 9000 BC the vast major(ip)ity of Mesopotamian peoples were hunter-gatherers. With the concentrations of plants and animals cosmos in specific areas these hunter-gatherers soon began to domesticate those plants and animals and a sedentary settlement farming pattern arose. This became the predominant way of life around 6000 BC. This intensify from food collecting to food producing was one of the major transformations in humane history. Early peoples no thirster had to live the nomadic life of hunter-gatherers but could settle d witness in permanent housing and produce their own food. It also began an economic change that altered social and political institutions, religion, and so onDomestication is the process of altering plants and animals so that they are no longer bound to the natural habitat s of their wild ancestors. In essence they become much productive and useful to people. This process sometimes even includes changes in the genetic science of the domesticated plant or animal. In Mesopotamia the major domesticated species of plants were wheat, barley, chickpeas, peas, grapes, olives, walnuts, almonds, pistachios, apricots, dates, and figs. The major domesticated species of animals were cattle, sheep, goats, and pigs. Some of the genetic changes brought about through domestication and the thrifty breeding of plants and animals include plants that were bred to stand more and bigger useful split and animals that were initially bred to be smaller and less aggressive, and only later to have more of their useful parts.